VGLL1 (F3I4N) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody #66079

TEA domain (TEAD) family proteins function as transcriptional cofactors that interact with nuclear-localized YAP/TAZ to drive expression of cell proliferation and apoptosis genes downstream of Hippo pathway inactivation (1). An additional layer of Hippo pathway control is exerted by the mammalian vestigial-like (VGLL) proteins, a family of transcriptional cofactors that are orthologs of the D. melanogaster protein vestigial (2). VGLL1-4 all contain at least one conserved Tondu motif (TDU) that is crucial for binding TEAD family proteins (2,3). VGLL proteins function as YAP/TAZ antagonists by competitively excluding YAP/TAZ from TEAD transcriptional complexes. Transcription cofactor VGLL protein 1 (VGLL1) is prominently expressed in human placenta, with trace levels of expression in kidney and other tissues (4). Within placenta, VGLL1 is enriched in trophoblasts and plays a critical role in trophectoderm differentiation (5,6). Downstream of transcription factors GATA-2/3 and transcriptional activators AP-2 alpha/gamma, VGLL1-TEAD4 complexes drive expression of key trophoblast stem cell markers by both direct DNA binding and by inducing acetylation of Histone H3 (Lys27) at promoter and enhancer regions (5,6). Similar to family member VGLL3, VGLL1 dysregulation in placenta can cause preeclampsia (6-8). Aberrantly high VGLL1 expression is observed in pancreatic, breast, gastric, and ovarian cancers, and has been associated with poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance to Hippo pathway targeted therapies (8-11).