SAMD9 (F9J1K) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody #49256

Innate immunity provides the first line of defense against infectious microbial pathogens through a family of proteins known as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) consisting of nucleic acids, peptides, peptidoglycans, and lipopolysaccharides (1-4). Sterile alpha motif domain-containing 9 (SAMD9) plays a role in innate immunity by recognizing both cytosolic double-stranded DNA and RNA and functions broadly as an antiviral protein (2-4). SAMD9 has been most studied in the innate immune response to infection by poxviruses (3,4). SAMD9 is evolutionarily conserved, and mutations in human SAMD9 cause a severe multi-system disorder called the MIRAGE syndrome (5-7). SAMD9 contains an N-terminal SAM domain, a nucleic acid binding domain, and a putative STAND (signal transduction adenosine triphosphatases with numerous associated domains) domain (1,8). STAND proteins share a set of conserved domains: a C-terminal PAMPs sensor, a structural NOD domain, and an N-terminal effector that has been shown to bind double-stranded nucleic acids (8). In addition to its antiviral activity, SAMD9 has also been studied in cancer and autoimmune disease. SAMD9 has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor in lung, colon, and breast cancers (9), and has increased expression in rheumatoid arthritis (10). The roles of SAMD9 in innate immunity, autoimmunity, and cancer have resulted in increased research interest as a therapeutic target.