PTP4A3 Antibody #6484

The Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver (PRL) family is a distinct group of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), containing a signature phosphatase domain but otherwise lacking homology to known PTP proteins. There are currently three known members of the PRL family (PRL1-3). PRL-1 was the first family member to be identified; it was initially characterized as an immediate early gene (IEG) in regenerating liver and mitogen-treated fibroblasts (1). PRL-3, known widely as PTP4A3, is now the most well-characterized member of the PRL family, due to its important role in regulating cell proliferation, and possibly cancer metastasis. While specific substrates of the PRL-family proteins have remained largely undefined, a recent study in colon cancer cell lines reported that PTP4A3 dephosphorylated integrin β1 at Tyr783 (2). PTP4A3 was also shown to play a potential role in the progression of cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation of the docking protein p130 (3). Increased rates of both cell proliferation and motility have been observed in immortalized cell lines and murine lung tumor cells over-expressing PTP4A3 (3,4), and elevated levels of PTP4A3 protein are associated with a subset of human cancers (5,6).