ZAP Antibodies

Target Information

Antiviral protein which inhibits the replication of viruses by recruiting the cellular RNA degradation machineries to degrade the viral mRNAs. Binds to a ZAP-responsive element (ZRE) present in the target viral mRNA, recruits cellular poly(A)-specific ribonuclease PARN to remove the poly(A) tail, and the 3'-5' exoribonuclease complex exosome to degrade the RNA body from the 3'-end. It also recruits the decapping complex DCP1-DCP2 through RNA helicase p72 (DDX17) to remove the cap structure of the viral mRNA to initiate its degradation from the 5'-end. Its target viruses belong to families which include retroviridae, such as murine leukemia virus (MoMLV), filoviridae and togaviridae. Isoform 4: Exhibits stronger antiviral activity than isoform 3 against Sindbis virus (SINV) infection. Increased antiviral activity may be due to more efficient targeting to endocytic membranes through S-farnesylation. Isoform 3: Positive regulator of RIGI signaling during the innate antiviral immune response. Associates with RIGI to promote its oligomerization and ATPase activity stimulation, leading to robust activation of IRF3 and NF-kappa-B transcription factors and eventually to the expression of type I IFNs and IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). Homodimer or homooligomer. Homooligomerization is essential for its antiviral activity. Interacts with EXOSC5. Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with DDX17 in an RNA-independent manner. Interacts with EXOSC3, EXOSC7, DCP2 and DCP1A. Interacts with PARN in an RNA-independent manner. Interacts with XRN1 in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with DHX30 (via N-terminus) in an RNA-independent manner. Isoform 2 interacts (via zinc-fingers) with RIGI in an RNA-dependent manner. Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family. 4 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Alternate Names

ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 13; ARTD13; CCCH-type zinc finger antiviral protein; DKFZp686F2052; DKFZp686H1869; DKFZp686O19171; FLB6421; FLJ13288; Inactive Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 13; MGC48898; PARP13; ZAP; ZC3H2; ZC3HAV1; ZC3HDC2; ZCCHV; Zinc finger antiviral protein; Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 2; zinc finger CCCH type, antiviral 1; Zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral protein 1; zinc finger CCCH-type containing, antiviral 1; zinc finger CCCH-type, antiviral 1