WB
H
Endogenous
70-80
Rabbit IgG
#Q9UM44
11148
Product Information
Product Usage Information
Application | Dilution |
---|---|
Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Asn101 of human HHLA2/B7-H7 protein.
Background
HERV-H LTR-associating protein 2 (HHLA2, with alternative names of B7-H5 and B7-H7) is a member of the B7 immunoglobulin superfamily (1). HHLA2 protein is constitutively expressed on the surface of human monocytes and is induced on B cells after stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ (1,2). Through interaction with TMIGD2, which is constitutively expressed on all naïve T cells and the majority of natural killer cells, but not on T regulatory cells or B cells, HHLA2 co-stimulates T cells in the context of TCR-mediated activation, enhancing T cell proliferation and cytokine production via an AKT-dependent signaling cascade (2). Contrary to this, HHLA2 has also been shown to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production, suggesting a secondary receptor for HHLA2 that is expressed on activated T cells with co-inhibitory functions (3). Moreover, HHLA2 has been shown to be highly expressed in various types of cancer, and is associated with a poor prognosis (4-10). Further understanding the immunologic functions of the HHLA2 pathway will guide the selection of agents used for cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune disorders, infection, and transplant rejection.
- Mager, D.L. et al. (1999) Genomics 59, 255-63.
- Zhu, Y. et al. (2013) Nat Commun 4, 2043.
- Zhao, R. et al. (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110, 9879-84.
- Janakiram, M. et al. (2015) Clin Cancer Res 21, 2359-66.
- Koirala, P. et al. (2016) Sci Rep 6, 31154.
- Cheng, H. et al. (2017) Clin Cancer Res 23, 825-32.
- Cheng, H. et al. (2018) Clin Cancer Res 24, 1954-64.
- Zhu, Z. and Dong, W. (2018) Onco Targets Ther 11, 1563-70.
- Shimonosono, M. et al. (2018) Oncotarget 9, 22069-78.
- Chen, D. et al. (2018) J Med Genet 56, 43-49.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
限制使用
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