WB, IP, IHC-P, IF-IC
H
Endogenous
18
Rabbit IgG
#P30536
706
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
| Immunoprecipitation | 1:100 |
| Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) | 1:50 - 1:200 |
| Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) | 1:200 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Gly160 of human TSPO protein.
Background
Translocator protein (TSPO) is an 18 kDa mitochondrial drug- and cholesterol-transporting protein involved in steroid hormone synthesis and mitochondrial homeostasis in various cell types (1,2). Originally thought to play a role exclusively in steroid synthesis in steroidogenic cells, subsequent research studies have implicated TSPO in a variety of pathologies in a broad range of tissues, including progression of breast cancer, neuroinflammation, and neurological disorders (1,3-5). TSPO was first identified by its ability to bind benzodiazepines in peripheral tissues and glial cells, hence its alternate name, Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR).
TSPO has been shown to modulate an array of cellular functions; it is critical for steroidogenesis, modulates mitochondrial function and metabolism, and plays a role in both cell proliferation and apoptosis (2,6,7). TSPO is found in the outer mitochondrial membrane where it coordinates with Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Factor (StAR) to transport cholesterol into the mitochondria and is critical for steroidogenesis and tumor progression (8,9). This is illustrated by studies that show the non-aggressive, hormone-dependent cell line, MCF7, expresses low levels of TSPO whereas the more aggressive, metastatic, and hormone-independent cell line, MDA-MB-231, expresses high levels of TSPO (9). This study, and others, suggest that TSPO may be an important regulator of hormone-dependent tumor progression. Numerous investigations have concluded that due to its high affinity for pharmacological compounds and upregulation in disease, TSPO is an attractive target for diagnosis and treatment of tumor progression, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurological/psychiatric disorders (10-14).
- Batarseh, A. and Papadopoulos, V. (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol 327, 1-12.
- Gatliff, J. and Campanella, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 356-68.
- Sileikyte, J. et al. (2011) J Biol Chem 286, 1046-53.
- Mukherjee, S. and Das, S.K. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 443-57.
- Da Pozzo, E. et al. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 426-42.
- Riond, J. et al. (1991) Eur J Biochem 195, 305-11.
- Veenman, L. and Gavish, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 398-412.
- Papadopoulos, V. et al. (1997) Steroids 62, 21-8.
- Batarseh, A. et al. (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta 1819, 38-56.
- Scarf, A.M. and Kassiou, M. (2011) J Nucl Med 52, 677-80.
- Rupprecht, R. et al. (2010) Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, 971-88.
- Venneti, S. et al. (2013) Glia 61, 10-23.
- Politis, M. et al. (2012) Front Pharmacol 3, 96.
- Calabresi, P.A. and Bohnen, N.I. (2012) Neurology 79, 496-7.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting IP: Immunoprecipitation IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IF-IC: Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
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