Revision 3

#36778Store at -20C

Cell Signaling Technology

Orders: 877-616-CELL (2355) [email protected]

Support: 877-678-TECH (8324)

Web: [email protected] cellsignal.com

3 Trask LaneDanversMassachusetts01923USA
For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
Applications:

WB, IP, IF-F, IF-IC, FC-FP, ChIP

REACTIVITY:

H M R

SENSITIVITY:

Endogenous

MW (kDa):

60-80

Source/Isotype:

Rabbit IgG

UniProt ID:

#Q96NM4, #O94900

Entrez-Gene Id:

84969, 9760

Product Information

Product Usage Information

For optimal ChIP results, use 10 μl of antibody and 10 μg of chromatin (approximately 4 × 106 cells) per IP. This antibody has been validated using SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kits.

Application Dilution
Western Blotting 1:1000
Immunoprecipitation 1:100
Immunofluorescence (Frozen) 1:100 - 1:400
Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) 1:100 - 1:400
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) 1:200 - 1:800
Chromatin IP 1:50

Storage

Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

For a carrier free (BSA and azide free) version of this product see product #86380.

Specificity / Sensitivity

Tox/Tox2 (E6G5O) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total Tox and Tox2 proteins. This antibody does not cross-react with Tox3 or Tox4 proteins. This antibody cross-reacts with an unidentified protein of 50 kDa in some murine cell extracts.

Species Reactivity:

Human, Mouse, Rat

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Gln435 of human Tox protein.

Background

Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (Tox) is a DNA-binding nuclear factor and member of the evolutionarily conserved high-motility group (HMG)-box superfamily. Tox also defines a small subfamily of proteins that include Tox2, Tox3, and Tox4, all of which are highly conserved in vertebrate species but have unique tissue expression patterns and functions (1,2).

Tox plays a key role in T cell development in the thymus during positive selection (3-5). A study in Tox-deficient mice also revealed a requirement for Tox in CD4 T cell and NK cell lineage development, including NKT cells, FoxP3+ T regulatory T cells, and lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells (6-8). Although Tox expression is primarily restricted to developing immune cells in normal tissues, Tox is induced by high antigen stimulation during chronic viral infection or cancer, regulating T cell persistence and exhaustion (9-12). Tox has also been shown to be aberrantly expressed in cutaneous T cell lymphomas (13-14).

  1. O'Flaherty, E. and Kaye, J. (2003) BMC Genomics 4, 13.
  2. Aliahmad, P. et al. (2012) Curr Opin Immunol 24, 173-7.
  3. Wilkinson, B. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 272-80.
  4. Aliahmad, P. et al. (2004) J Exp Med 199, 1089-99.
  5. Chi, T.H. et al. (2002) Nature 418, 195-9.
  6. Aliahmad, P. and Kaye, J. (2008) J Exp Med 205, 245-56.
  7. Aliahmad, P. et al. (2010) Nat Immunol 11, 945-52.
  8. Yun, S. et al. (2011) Immunol Lett 136, 29-36.
  9. Page, N. et al. (2018) Immunity 48, 937-950.e8.
  10. Alfei, F. et al. (2019) Nature 571, 265-9.
  11. Yao, C. et al. (2019) Nat Immunol 20, 890-901.
  12. Wang, X. et al. (2019) J Hepatol pii: S0168-8278(19)30301-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.05.015.
  13. Morimura, S. et al. (2014) Arch Dermatol Res 306, 843-9.
  14. Huang, Y. et al. (2014) Oncotarget 5, 4418-25.

Species Reactivity

Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).

Western Blot Buffer

IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.

Applications Key

WB: Western Blotting IP: Immunoprecipitation IF-F: Immunofluorescence (Frozen) IF-IC: Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) FC-FP: Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) ChIP: Chromatin IP

Cross-Reactivity Key

H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected

Trademarks and Patents

Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
Alexa Fluor is a registered trademark of Life Technologies Corporation.
KARPAS cell line source: Dr. Abraham Karpas at the University of Cambridge.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit cellsignal.com/trademarks for more information.

限制使用

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Orders: 877-616-CELL (2355)•[email protected]• Support: 877-678-TECH (8324)•[email protected]• Web: cellsignal.com
仅供研究使用。不得用于诊断流程。