WB, IHC-P, IF-IC, FC-FP
H M R Mk
Endogenous
30
Rabbit
#P04818
7298
Product Information
Product Usage Information
This formulation is ideal for use with technologies requiring specialized or custom antibody labeling, including fluorophores, metals, lanthanides, and oligonucleotides. It is not recommended for ChIP, ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN or CUT&Tag assays. If you require a carrier free formulation for chromatin profiling, please contact us. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Formulation
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human thymidylate synthase protein.
Background
The methylation of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) is an essential step in the formation of thymine nucleotides (1,2, reviewed in 3). This process is catalyzed by thymidylate synthase (TS or TYMS), a homodimer composed of two 30 kDa subunits. TS is an intracellular enzyme that provides the sole de novo source of thymidylate, making it a required enzyme in DNA biosynthesis with activity highest in proliferating cells (1). Being the exclusive source of dTMP, investigators have concluded that TS is also an important target for anticancer agents such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (1-5). 5-FU acts as a TS inhibitor and is active against solid tumors such as colon, breast, head, and neck. Research studies have demonstrated that patients with metastases expressing lower levels of TS have a higher response rate to treatment with 5-FU than patients with tumors that have increased levels of TS (5). Researchers continue to investigate TS expression in different types of cancers (6-10).
Levels of thymidylate synthase can be modultated in vitro by treatment with various drugs, such as 5-FU and lapatinib. 5-FU treatment induces the formation of two distinct bands, one at 35 kDa and another at 38 kDa, while lapatinib treatment results in a decrease in thymidylate synthase expression (11,12).
- Johnston, P.G. et al. (1991) Cancer Res 51, 6668-76.
- Aschele, C. et al. (2002) Ann Oncol 13, 1882-92.
- Jackman, A.L. and Calvert, A.H. (1995) Ann Oncol 6, 871-81.
- Van Triest, B. et al. (2000) J Histochem Cytochem 48, 755-60.
- Johnston, P.G. et al. (1994) J Clin Oncol 12, 2640-7.
- Kwon, H.C. et al. (2007) Ann Oncol 18, 504-9.
- Allegra, C.J. et al. (2002) J Clin Oncol 20, 1735-43.
- Allegra, C.J. et al. (2003) J Clin Oncol 21, 241-50.
- Tsourouflis, G. et al. (2008) Dig Dis Sci 53, 1289-96.
- Kim, S.H. et al. (2009) Am J Clin Oncol 32, 38-43.
- Chu, E. et al. (1993) Mol Pharmacol 43, 527-33.
- Kim, H.P. et al. (2009) PLoS One 4, e5933.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting IHC-P: Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) IF-IC: Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) FC-FP: Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized)
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
限制使用
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