WB
H
Endogenous
77
Rabbit IgG
#Q96C10
79132
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Val478 of human LGP2 protein.
Background
Antiviral innate immunity depends on the combination of parallel pathways triggered by virus detecting proteins in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family and RNA helicases, such as Rig-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA-5 (melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5), which promote the transcription of type I interferons (IFN) and antiviral enzymes (1-3). TLRs and helicase proteins contain sites that recognize the molecular patterns of different virus types, including DNA, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and glycoproteins. These antiviral proteins are found in different cell compartments; TLRs (i.e. TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) are expressed on endosomal membranes and helicases are localized to the cytoplasm. Rig-I expression is induced by retinoic acid, LPS, IFN, and viral infection (4,5). Both Rig-I and MDA-5 share a DExD/H-box helicase domain that detects viral dsRNA and two amino-terminal caspase recruitment domains (CARD) that are required for triggering downstream signaling (4-7). Rig-I binds both dsRNA and viral ssRNA that contains a 5'-triphosphate end not seen in host RNA (8,9). Though structurally related, Rig-I and MDA-5 detect a distinct set of viruses (10,11). The CARD domain of the helicases, which is sufficient to generate signaling and IFN production, is recruited to the CARD domain of the MAVS/VISA/Cardif/IPS-1 mitochondrial protein, which triggers activation of NF-κB, TBK1/IKKε, and IRF-3/IRF-7 (12-15).
The DExD/H-box family helicase laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2, DHX58) is a Rig-I-like receptor (RLR) that lacks the CARD domain and associated signaling ability (6,16). Research studies demonstrate that LGP2 helicase binds dsRNA and inhibits the Rig-I-like receptors Rig-I and MDA-5. Expression of LGP2 is induced by interferon, dsRNA, and viral infection (17). Studies using LGP2-deficient animals demonstrate a complicated interaction between LGP2 and the other RLRs that involves both positive and negative effects on interferon regulation (18-20). In addition, LGP2 may regulate apoptosis, contribute to CD8+ T cell survival, and protect cancer cells from ionizing radiation (21,22).
- Yoneyama, M. and Fujita, T. (2007) J Biol Chem 282, 15315-8.
- Meylan, E. and Tschopp, J. (2006) Mol Cell 22, 561-9.
- Thompson, A.J. and Locarnini, S.A. (2007) Immunol Cell Biol 85, 435-45.
- Imaizumi, T. et al. (2002) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 292, 274-9.
- Zhang, X. et al. (2000) Microb Pathog 28, 267-78.
- Yoneyama, M. et al. (2005) J Immunol 175, 2851-8.
- Yoneyama, M. et al. (2004) Nat Immunol 5, 730-7.
- Hornung, V. et al. (2006) Science 314, 994-7.
- Pichlmair, A. et al. (2006) Science 314, 997-1001.
- Kato, H. et al. (2006) Nature 441, 101-5.
- Childs, K. et al. (2007) Virology 359, 190-200.
- Meylan, E. et al. (2005) Nature 437, 1167-72.
- Xu, L.G. et al. (2005) Mol Cell 19, 727-40.
- Kawai, T. et al. (2005) Nat Immunol 6, 981-8.
- Seth, R.B. et al. (2005) Cell 122, 669-82.
- Rothenfusser, S. et al. (2005) J Immunol 175, 5260-8.
- Komuro, A. and Horvath, C.M. (2006) J Virol 80, 12332-42.
- Venkataraman, T. et al. (2007) J Immunol 178, 6444-55.
- Childs, K.S. et al. (2013) PLoS One 8, e64202.
- Satoh, T. et al. (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, 1512-7.
- Suthar, M.S. et al. (2012) Immunity 37, 235-48.
- Widau, R.C. et al. (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, [Epub ahead of print].
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
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