#P40763, #P42229, #P42224
6774, 6776, 6772
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Background
Stat proteins serve as transcription factors in growth and survival pathways stimulated by growth factor and cytokine activation of receptor proteins. Receptor activation promotes tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat proteins, resulting in Stat dimerization and translocation to the nucleus where they regulate expression of numerous proteins that control cell growth, survival, differentiation and pathogen resistance (1). Stat1 is essential in IFN-α and IFN-γ stimulated pathways and is abnormally activated in many tumors (2,3). Both Stat1α (91 kDa) and Stat1β (84 kDa) isoforms are activated by IFN-α but only Stat1α responds to IFN-γ. Phosphorylation of Stat1 at Tyr701 induces Stat1 dimerization, nuclear translocation and DNA binding (4). Transcription factor Stat3 possesses oncogenic potential and anti-apoptotic activities; a number of human tumors display constitutively activated Stat3 (5,6). Activation of Stat3 follows phosphorylation at Tyr705, resulting in dimerization, nuclear translocation and DNA binding (7). Expression of Stat3α (86 kDa) and Stat3β (79 kDa) isoforms correlates with cell type, ligand and cell maturation stage (8).
- Ihle, J.N. (2001) Curr Opin Cell Biol 13, 211-7.
- Bromberg, J. (2002) J Clin Invest 109, 1139-42.
- Frank, D.A. (1999) Mol Med 5, 432-56.
- Ihle, J.N. et al. (1994) Trends Biochem Sci 19, 222-7.
- Garcia, R. and Jove, R. (1998) J Biomed Sci 5, 79-85.
- Catlett-Falcone, R. et al. (1999) Immunity 10, 105-15.
- Darnell, J.E. (1997) Science 277, 1630-5.
- Biethahn, S. et al. (1999) Exp Hematol 27, 885-94.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
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