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Background
IL-33 is a novel member of the IL-1 family of proteins that was discovered in a computational search to identify unknown family members (1). IL-33 is expressed by fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and is upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli (1). IL-33 plays a key role in Th2 type inflammatory responses, including atopic allergic responses and asthma (1,2). The IL-33 receptor consists of the ST2 and IL-1 accessory protein (IL-1-Acp) (1,3). ST2 is expressed on mast cells, basophils and Th2 cells (1). In addition to its putative role as a Th2 cytokine, IL-33 also contains a nuclear localization domain and may function as a nuclear factor (4,5). The nuclear function of IL-33 remains unclear. IL-33 is released by cellular necrosis, similar to other “alarmins”, thereby signaling tissue injury (5,6). However, more recent data suggests that IL-33 may also be actively secreted from live cells via a non-classical mechanism (7).
- Liew, F.Y. et al. (2010) Nat Rev Immunol 10, 103-10.
- Chackerian, A.A. et al. (2007) J Immunol 179, 2551-5.
- Borish, L. and Steinke, J.W. (2011) Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 11, 7-11.
- Moussion, C. et al. (2008) PLoS One 3, e3331.
- Cayrol, C. and Girard, J.P. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, 9021-6.
- Lüthi, A.U. et al. (2009) Immunity 31, 84-98.
- Kakkar, R. et al. (2012) J Biol Chem 287, 6941-8.
Endotoxin
Less than 0.01 ng endotoxin/1 μg mHis6IL-33.
Purity
>98% as determined by SDS-PAGE of 6 μg reduced (+) and non-reduced (-) recombinant mHis6IL-33. All lots are greater than 98% pure.
Source / Purification
Recombinant mouse His6IL-33 (mHis6IL-33) Ser109-Ile266 (Accession #NP_598536) was produced in E.coli at Cell Signaling Technology.
Bioactivity
The bioactivity of recombinant mHis6IL-33 was determined by its ability to induce IL-13 production by MC/9 cells. The ED50 of each lot is between 1-6 ng/ml.
Background
IL-33 is a novel member of the IL-1 family of proteins that was discovered in a computational search to identify unknown family members (1). IL-33 is expressed by fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and is upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli (1). IL-33 plays a key role in Th2 type inflammatory responses, including atopic allergic responses and asthma (1,2). The IL-33 receptor consists of the ST2 and IL-1 accessory protein (IL-1-Acp) (1,3). ST2 is expressed on mast cells, basophils and Th2 cells (1). In addition to its putative role as a Th2 cytokine, IL-33 also contains a nuclear localization domain and may function as a nuclear factor (4,5). The nuclear function of IL-33 remains unclear. IL-33 is released by cellular necrosis, similar to other “alarmins”, thereby signaling tissue injury (5,6). However, more recent data suggests that IL-33 may also be actively secreted from live cells via a non-classical mechanism (7).
Background References
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
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