Revision 1
Cell Signaling Technology

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For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
Applications:

ChIP

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Product Information

Storage

Please store components at the temperatures indicated on the individual tube labels.

Specificity / Sensitivity

The SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit can be utilized with any ChIP-validated antibody to detect endogenous levels of protein-DNA interactions and histone modifications in mammalian cells (see Figures 2 and 3). The positive control Histone H3 Antibody recognizes many different species of the highly conserved Histone H3 protein, including human, mouse, rat and monkey. Primer sets are included for the human and mouse positive control RPL30 gene loci; however, the use of other species with the kit requires the design of additional control primer sets.

Product Description

The SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Agarose Beads) #9002 contains the buffers and reagents necessary to perform up to 6 chromatin preparations and 30 chromatin immunoprecipitations and is optimized for 4 X 106 cells per experiment. A complete assay can be performed in as little as two days and can easily be scaled up or down for use with more or fewer cells.
Cells are fixed with formaldehyde and lysed, and chromatin is fragmented by partial digestion with Micrococcal Nuclease to obtain chromatin fragments of 1 to 5 nucleosomes. Enzymatic fragmentation of chromatin is much milder than sonication and eliminates problems resulting from variability in sonication power and emulsification of chromatin during sonication, which can result in incomplete fragmentation of chromatin or loss of antibody epitopes due to protein denaturation and degradation. Chromatin immunoprecipitations are performed using ChIP-validated antibodies and ChIP-Grade Protein G Agarose Beads. After reversal of protein-DNA cross-links, the DNA is purified using DNA purification spin columns, allowing for easy and efficient recovery of DNA and removal of protein contaminants without the need for phenol/chloroform extractions and ethanol precipitations. The enrichment of particular DNA sequences during immunoprecipitation can be analyzed by a variety of methods, including standard PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. Please note that this kit is not compatible with ChIP-seq because the ChIP-Grade Protein G Agarose Beads are blocked with sonicated salmon sperm DNA, which interferes with downstream sequencing.
The SimpleChIP® Kit also provides important controls to ensure a successful ChIP experiment. The kit contains a positive control Histone H3 Antibody, a negative control Normal Rabbit IgG Antibody and primer sets for PCR detection of the human and mouse ribosomal protein L30 (RPL30) genes. Histone H3 is a core component of chromatin and is bound to most DNA sequences throughout the genome, including the RPL30 locus. Thus, the Histone H3 Antibody provides a universal positive control that should enrich for almost any locus examined.

Background

The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay is a powerful and versatile technique used for probing protein-DNA interactions within the natural chromatin context of the cell (1,2). This assay can be used to identify multiple proteins associated with a specific region of the genome, or the opposite, to identify the many regions of the genome bound by a particular protein (3-6). It can be used to determine the specific order of recruitment of various proteins to a gene promoter or to "measure" the relative amount of a particular histone modification across an entire gene locus (3,4). In addition to histone proteins, the ChIP assay can be used to analyze binding of transcription factors and co-factors, DNA replication factors and DNA repair proteins. When performing the ChIP assay, cells or tissues are first fixed with formaldehyde, a reversible protein-DNA cross-linking agent that "preserves" the protein-DNA interactions occurring in the cell (1,2). Cells are lysed and chromatin is harvested and fragmented using either sonication or enzymatic digestion. The chromatin is then immunoprecipitated with antibodies specific to a particular protein or histone modification. Any DNA sequences that are associated with the protein or histone modification of interest will co-precipitate as part of the cross-linked chromatin complex and the relative amount of that DNA sequence will be enriched by the immunoselection process. After immunoprecipitation, the protein-DNA cross-links are reversed and the DNA is purified. Standard PCR or Quantitative Real-Time PCR can be used to measure the amount of enrichment of a particular DNA sequence by a protein-specific immunoprecipitation (1,2). Alternatively, the ChIP assay can be combined with genomic tiling micro-array (ChIP on chip) techniques, high throughput sequencing, or cloning strategies, all of which allow for genome-wide analysis of protein-DNA interactions and histone modifications (5-8).

  1. Orlando, V. (2000) Trends Biochem Sci 25, 99-104.
  2. Liu, Q. et al. (2000) Genes Dev 14, 1448-59.
  3. Zhao, H. and Piwnica-Worms, H. (2001) Mol Cell Biol 21, 4129-39.
  4. Kuo, M.H. and Allis, C.D. (1999) Methods 19, 425-33.
  5. Jiang, K. et al. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 25207-17.
  6. Agalioti, T. et al. (2000) Cell 103, 667-78.
  7. Martin, S.A. and Ouchi, T. (2008) Mol Cancer Ther 7, 2509-16.
  8. Soutoglou, E. and Talianidis, I. (2002) Science 295, 1901-4.
  9. Chen, M.S. et al. (2003) Mol Cell Biol 23, 7488-97.
  10. Mikkelsen, T.S. et al. (2007) Nature 448, 553-60.
  11. Zeng, Y. et al. (1998) Nature 395, 507-10.
  12. Lee, T.I. et al. (2006) Cell 125, 301-13.
  13. Löffler, H. et al. (2006) Cell Cycle 5, 2543-7.
  14. Weinmann, A.S. and Farnham, P.J. (2002) Methods 26, 37-47.
  15. Zachos, G. et al. (2007) Dev Cell 12, 247-60.
  16. Wells, J. and Farnham, P.J. (2002) Methods 26, 48-56.
  17. Garber, K. (2005) J Natl Cancer Inst 97, 1026-8.

Species Reactivity

Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).

Applications Key

ChIP: Chromatin IP

Cross-Reactivity Key

H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected

Trademarks and Patents

Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
SimpleChIP is a registered trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit cellsignal.com/trademarks for more information.

限制使用

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Revision 1
#9002

SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Agarose Beads)

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Image 1: SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Agarose Beads) Expand Image
图 1. HeLa 细胞用甲醛交联后,按照实验步骤部分 A 中的说明对染色质进行制备和消化。DNA 按照部分 B 中的说明进行纯化,在 1% 琼脂糖凝胶(泳道 2)上进行电泳分离出 10 μl,并用溴化乙锭染色。泳道 2 表明多数染色质被消化成长度为 1 至 5 个核小体(150-900 bp)。
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Image 2: SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Agarose Beads) Expand Image
图 2. 使用 Hela 细胞的被消化染色质和 Histone H3 (D2B12) XP® Rabbit mAb (ChIP Formulated) #4620(泳道 2)、Rpb1 CTD (4H8) Mouse mAb #2629(泳道 3)、Di-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody #9753(泳道 4)或 Normal Rabbit IgG #2729(泳道 5),进行染色质免疫沉淀。使用 SimpleChIP® Human RPL30 Exon 3 Primers #7014、SimpleChIP® Human MyoD1 Exon 1 Primers #4490 和 SimpleChIP® Human α Satellite Repeat Primers #4486 ,通过标准 PCR 方法对纯化的 DNA 进行分析。输入样品(泳道 1)的每个引物对和各种蛋白特异性免疫沉淀反应,均可观察到 PCR 产物,但使用 Normal Rabbit IgG #2729(泳道 5)并通过免疫沉淀,没有观察到 PCR 产物。
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Image 3: SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Agarose Beads) Expand Image
图 3. 使用 HeLa 细胞的消化染色质和规定的经 ChIP 验证的抗体进行染色质免疫沉淀。使用 SimpleChIP® Human RPL30 Exon 3 Primers #7014(对照引物组)、SimpleChIP® Human MyoD1 Exon 1 Primers #4490 和 SimpleChIP® Human α Satellite Repeat Primers #4486,通过实时定量 PCR 对纯化的 DNA 进行分析。每份样品中免疫沉淀 DNA 的数量表示为与输入染色质总数量(等于 1)相对应的信号。