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77358
VISTA (D1L2G™) XP® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate)
抗体偶联物
单克隆抗体
R
Recombinant

VISTA (D1L2G) XP® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) #77358

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Flow cytometric analysis of fixed and permeabilized human whole blood cells stained with VISTA (D1L2G) XP® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) or a concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® Isotype Control (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) #2975 and co-stained with CD19-APC or CD14-APC. VISTA is present on CD14+ Monocytes (bottom right; upper right quadrant) and shows an increase in intensity when compared to the isotype control (bottom left; upper left quadrant). CD19+ B cells are negative for VISTA (top right; upper left quadrant) and do not show an increase in intensity when compared to the isotype control (top left; upper left quadrant).

Supporting Data

REACTIVITY H Mk
SENSITIVITY Endogenous
MW (kDa)
Source/Isotype Rabbit IgG

Application Key:

  • WB-Western Blot
  • IP-Immunoprecipitation
  • IHC-Immunohistochemistry
  • ChIP-Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • C&R-CUT&RUN
  • C&T-CUT&Tag
  • DB-Dot Blot
  • eCLIP-eCLIP
  • IF-Immunofluorescence
  • F-Flow Cytometry

Species Cross-Reactivity Key:

  • H-Human
  • M-Mouse
  • R-Rat
  • Hm-Hamster
  • Mk-Monkey
  • Vir-Virus
  • Mi-Mink
  • C-Chicken
  • Dm-D. melanogaster
  • X-Xenopus
  • Z-Zebrafish
  • B-Bovine
  • Dg-Dog
  • Pg-Pig
  • Sc-S. cerevisiae
  • Ce-C. elegans
  • Hr-Horse
  • GP-Guinea Pig
  • Rab-Rabbit
  • All-All Species Expected

Product Description

This Cell Signaling Technology antibody is conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorescent dye and tested in-house for direct flow cytometric analysis in human cells. This antibody is expected to exhibit the same species cross-reactivity as the unconjugated VISTA (D1L2G) XP® Rabbit mAb #64953.

Product Usage Information

Application Dilution
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) 1:50

Storage

Supplied in PBS (pH 7.2), less than 0.1% sodium azide and 2 mg/ml BSA. Store at 4°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protect from light. Do not freeze.

Protocol

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Flow Cytometry, Methanol Permeabilization Protocol for Directly Conjugated Antibodies

A. Solutions and Reagents

All reagents required for this protocol may be efficiently purchased together in our Intracellular Flow Cytometry Kit (Methanol) #13593, or individually using the catalog numbers listed below.

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalent grade water.

  1. 1X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): To prepare 1 L 1X PBS: add 100 ml 10X PBS (#12528) to 900 ml water mix.
  2. 4% Formaldehyde, Methanol-Free (#47746)
  3. 100% Methanol (#13604): Chill before use
  4. Antibody Dilution Buffer: Purchase ready-to-use Flow Cytometry Antibody Dilution Buffer (#13616), or prepare a 0.5% BSA PBS buffer by dissolving 0.5 g Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) (#9998) in 100 ml 1X PBS. Store at 4°C.

NOTE: When including fluorescent cellular dyes in your experiment (including viability dyes, DNA dyes, etc.), please refer to the dye product page for the recommended protocol. Visit www.cellsignal.com for a full listing of cellular dyes validated for use in flow cytometry.

B. Fixation

NOTE: Adherent cells or tissue should be dissociated and in single-cell suspension prior to fixation.

NOTE: Optimal centrifugation conditions will vary depending upon cell type and reagent volume. Generally, 150-300g for 1-5 minutes will be sufficient to pellet the cells.

NOTE: If using whole blood, lyse red blood cells and wash by centrifugation prior to fixation.

NOTE: Antibodies targeting CD markers or other extracellular proteins may be added prior to fixation if the epitope is disrupted by formaldehyde and/or methanol. The antibodies will remain bound to the target of interest during the fixation and permeabilization process. However, note that some fluorophores (including PE and APC) are damaged by methanol and thus should not be added prior to permeabilization. Conduct a small-scale experiment if you are unsure.

  1. Pellet cells by centrifugation and remove supernatant.
  2. Resuspend cells in approximately 100 µl 4% formaldehyde per 1 million cells. Mix well to dissociate pellet and prevent cross-linking of individual cells.
  3. Fix for 15 min at room temperature (20-25°C).
  4. Wash by centrifugation with excess 1X PBS. Discard supernatant in appropriate waste container. Resuspend cells in 0.5-1 ml 1X PBS. Proceed to Permeabilization step.
    1. Alternatively, cells may be stored overnight at 4°C in 1X PBS.

C. Permeabilization

  1. Permeabilize cells by adding ice-cold 100% methanol slowly to pre-chilled cells, while gently vortexing, to a final concentration of 90% methanol.
  2. Permeabilize for a minimum of 10 min on ice.
  3. Proceed with immunostaining (Section D) or store cells at -20°C in 90% methanol.

D. Immunostaining

NOTE: Count cells using a hemocytometer or alternative method.

  1. Aliquot desired number of cells into tubes or wells. (Generally, 5x105 to 1x106 cells per assay.)
  2. Wash cells by centrifugation in excess 1X PBS to remove methanol. Discard supernatant in appropriate waste container. Repeat if necessary.
  3. Resuspend cells in 100 µl of diluted primary antibody, prepared in Antibody Dilution Buffer at a recommended dilution or as determined via titration.
  4. Incubate for 1 hr at room temperature. Protect from light.
  5. Wash by centrifugation in Antibody Dilution Buffer or 1X PBS. Discard supernatant. Repeat.
  6. Resuspend cells in 200-500 µl of 1X PBS and analyze on flow cytometer.

posted July 2009

revised June 2020

实验步骤编号:407

特异性/灵敏度

VISTA (D1L2G) XP® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) recognizes endogenous levels of total VISTA protein.

物种反应性:

人, 猴

来源/纯化

使用与人 VISTA 蛋白羧基末端周围残基相对应的合成肽,对动物进行免疫接种来产生单克隆抗体。

背景

VISTA(T 细胞活化的 V 结构域 Ig 抑制蛋白)是一种调节 T 细胞活化和的免疫应答负向检查点控制蛋白。VISTA 包含一个 Ig 样 V 型结构域、一个跨膜结构域和一个胞内结构域,与 B7 和 CD28 家族成员具有序列相似性。虽然 VISTA 主要在骨髓细胞中表达,但它还可在 CD4+、CD8+ 和 FoxP3+ T 细胞中表达。因此,VISTA 既可以作为配体,也可作为受体 (1-3)。阻断 VISTA 会诱导 T 细胞活化和增殖,并使 EAE 模型中的疾病严重程度增加 (1)。此外,小鼠中 VISTA 的遗传缺失会导致自发性 T 细胞活化和慢性炎症 (4,5)。在癌症的小鼠模型中,对 VISTA 的中和强化 T 细胞增殖和效应子功能,增加肿瘤浸润,表明阻滞 VISTA 可能是有效的肿瘤免疫治疗策略 (6,7)。

有限使用

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仅供研究使用。不得用于诊断流程。
Cell Signaling Technology 是 Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. 的商标。
Alexa Fluor 是 Life Technologies 公司的注册商标。
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